{"id_concept_class": "", "creation_time": 1512660584702, "event_stamp": "2009-07-10T21:01:20", "def_id_user": "usr_4ac2cdeede9e6", "def_event_stamp": "2011-02-11T20:25:41", "last_updated": 1512660584702, "def_id": "def_4d559b4568905", "name": "Iowa Gambling Task", "alias": "Bechara's gambling task", "definition_text": "a widely used experiment in the areas of cognition & emotion that was originally developed to assist in detecting decision-making impairment in patients with prefrontal cortex damage; a computerized experiment that is carried out in real time and resembles real-world contingencies. The task allows participants to select cards from four decks displayed on-screen. Participants are instructed that the selection of each card will result in winning or losing money. The objective is to attempt to win as much money as possible. (from http://iowagamblingtask.com/)\r\n\r\nOn each trial, participants select a card from one of four decks; two \u00e2\u0080\u0098bad\u00e2\u0080\u0099 decks offer a higher reward on most trials but also higher possible loss and lower overall expected value, whereas two \u00e2\u0080\u0098good\u00e2\u0080\u0099 decks offer a lower reward on most trials but lower possible loss and higher expected value. Participants learn the nature of the decks through trial-and- error. In some versions of the task, the probabilities are not stationary.", "id_user": "usr_0000000000", "id": "tsk_4a57abb949ae5", "type": "task", "conditions": [], "concepts": [{"id_concept_class": "ctp_C3", "creation_time": 1512660629280, "event_stamp": "2009-06-22T19:12:55", "def_id_user": "usr_49a467bf4e0db", "def_event_stamp": "2015-05-20T21:39:02", "last_updated": 1512660629280, "def_id": "def_555cfef66688f", "name": "decision making", "alias": "", "definition_text": "The deliberate selection of a single alternative amongst multiple alternatives. ", "id_user": "usr_0000000000", "relationship": "ASSERTS", "concept_id": "trm_4a3fd79d0a038", "contrasts": [{"id": "cnt_5021a042336c1", "name": "\"safe\" deck versus \"risky\" deck choices"}]}, {"id_concept_class": "ctp_C3", "creation_time": 1512660636996, "event_stamp": "2009-06-22T19:12:57", "def_id_user": "usr_51bc76ae9636c", "def_event_stamp": "2015-11-09T00:07:29", "last_updated": 1512660636996, "def_id": "def_563fe3c160d18", "name": "risk seeking", "alias": "", "definition_text": "The willingness of an individual to choose an option with a less-than-certain probability of reward over an option with a certain reward of equal or higher expected value. \r\n\r\nBEHAVIORAL PHENOMENA", "id_user": "usr_0000000000", "relationship": "ASSERTS", "concept_id": "trm_4a3fd79d0b64e", "contrasts": [{"id": "cnt_4df10d2fb170f", "name": "accuracy of subject minus average accuracy of controls"}]}], "indicators": [{"type": "BOLD activity", "relationship": "HASINDICATOR"}, {"type": "response time", "relationship": "HASINDICATOR"}, {"type": "money earned", "relationship": "HASINDICATOR"}, {"type": "% of cards picked from advantageous decks", "relationship": "HASINDICATOR"}], "external_datasets": [], "implementations": [], "citation": [{"event_stamp": "2011-06-09T18:06:29", "citation_pubname": "Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research (Alcohol Clin Exp Res)", "citation_pmid": "21332527", "citation_desc": "Decision making and response inhibition as predictors of heavy alcohol use: a prospective study.", "citation_url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&id=21332527&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks", "citation_type": "CT2", "citation_comment": "Via PubMed API", "id_user": "usr_4de5345b3b6a8", "id": "cit_4df10ba550665", "citation_source": "PubMed API", "citation_authors": "Goudriaan AE, Grekin ER, Sher KJ", "citation_pubdate": "2011 Jun", "relationship": "HASCITATION"}, {"event_stamp": "2011-02-11T20:26:27", "citation_pubname": "Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991) (Cereb Cortex)", "citation_pmid": "18787233", "citation_desc": "Distinct roles of prefrontal cortical subregions in the Iowa Gambling Task.", "citation_url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&id=18787233&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks", "citation_type": "CT2", "citation_comment": "Via PubMed API", "id_user": "usr_4ac2cdeede9e6", "id": "cit_4d559b7391b2f", "citation_source": "PubMed API", "citation_authors": "Lawrence NS, Jollant F, O'Daly O, Zelaya F, Phillips ML", "citation_pubdate": "2009 May", "relationship": "HASCITATION"}, {"citation_pubname": " (Cognition)", "event_stamp": "2011-02-11T20:24:16", "citation_pmid": "8039375", "citation_desc": "Insensitivity to future consequences following damage to human prefrontal cortex.", "citation_url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&id=8039375&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks", "citation_type": "CT2", "citation_comment": "Via PubMed API", "id_user": "usr_4ac2cdeede9e6", "id": "cit_4d559af0468e0", "citation_source": "PubMed API", "citation_authors": "Bechara A, Damasio AR, Damasio H, Anderson SW", "citation_pubdate": "1994 Apr-Jun", "relationship": "HASCITATION"}], "contrasts": [{"creation_time": 1512660664077, "event_stamp": "2012-08-07T23:09:54", "last_updated": 1512660664077, "name": "\"safe\" deck versus \"risky\" deck choices", "id_user": "usr_4f177506dde77", "id": "cnt_5021a042336c1", "conditions": []}, {"creation_time": 1512660651378, "event_stamp": "2011-06-09T18:13:03", "last_updated": 1512660651378, "name": "accuracy of subject minus average accuracy of controls", "id_user": "usr_4de5345b3b6a8", "id": "cnt_4df10d2fb170f", "conditions": []}, {"creation_time": 1512660651346, "event_stamp": "2011-06-09T18:10:22", "last_updated": 1512660651346, "name": "response time for risky decks minus response time for advantageous decks", "id_user": "usr_4de5345b3b6a8", "id": "cnt_4df10c8ee9834", "conditions": []}], "batteries": [], "disorders": []}